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==Federal Canada==
==Federal Canada==


The British North America Act, enacted by the Parliament of Great-Britain in 1867, gave birth to the Canadian "confederation". The British colonies of Canada (formerly two separate colonies named Upper Canada and Lower Canada), New Brunswick and Nova Scotia became federated provinces (states) in the new Dominion of Canada. The interpretation of this historical event is radically different in Québec when compared to that of the other parts of the federation. In English-speaking Canada, the confederation is the act of foundation of Canada itself, and Canada really became Canada in 1867 with the creation of the federal state. In French-speaking Quebec, the conservative politicians who joined the self-proclaimed "Great Coalition" sold the federation project to the electorate by promoting it as a confederative pact between two founding nations. Quebec liberals opposed the project as vigourously as the liberals of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, however while the anti-confederation movement eventually died in those martime provinces, it continued in Quebec to this day.
The British North America Act, enacted by the Parliament of Great-Britain in 1867, gave birth to the Canadian "confederation". The British colonies of Canada (formerly two separate colonies named Upper Canada and Lower Canada), New Brunswick and Nova Scotia became federated provinces (states) in the new Dominion of Canada, itself a colony of Great Britain. Upper Canada and Lower Canada were reseparated and given the names of Ontario and Quebec.
 
The interpretation of this historical event is radically different in Québec when compared to that of the other parts of the federation. In English-speaking Canada, the confederation is the act of foundation of Canada itself, and Canada really became Canada in 1867, with the creation of the federal state. In French-speaking Quebec, the conservative politicians who joined the self-proclaimed "Great Coalition" sold the federation project to the electorate by promoting it as a confederative pact between two founding nations. Quebec liberals opposed the project as vigourously as the liberals of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, however while the anti-confederation movement eventually died in the maritime provinces, it continued in Quebec to this day.


* [http://lois.justice.gc.ca/en/const/ Constitutional Acts 1867 to 1982]
* [http://lois.justice.gc.ca/en/const/ Constitutional Acts 1867 to 1982]

Revision as of 16:50, 8 November 2006

Québec, formerly Canada

The people of Québec has seen many constitutions throughout its history, all of which were made into law by European powers, the notable exception being the current one, enacted in 1982 by the Canadian federal parliament and all but one of Canada's provinces. (We will let you guess which one.) To this day, not a single Québec legislature, whether sovereignist or federalist, liberal or conservative, has agreed to sign the 1982 constitution. To understand how these events came to be, we recommend you begin with the history section of this site.

Federal Canada

The British North America Act, enacted by the Parliament of Great-Britain in 1867, gave birth to the Canadian "confederation". The British colonies of Canada (formerly two separate colonies named Upper Canada and Lower Canada), New Brunswick and Nova Scotia became federated provinces (states) in the new Dominion of Canada, itself a colony of Great Britain. Upper Canada and Lower Canada were reseparated and given the names of Ontario and Quebec.

The interpretation of this historical event is radically different in Québec when compared to that of the other parts of the federation. In English-speaking Canada, the confederation is the act of foundation of Canada itself, and Canada really became Canada in 1867, with the creation of the federal state. In French-speaking Quebec, the conservative politicians who joined the self-proclaimed "Great Coalition" sold the federation project to the electorate by promoting it as a confederative pact between two founding nations. Quebec liberals opposed the project as vigourously as the liberals of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, however while the anti-confederation movement eventually died in the maritime provinces, it continued in Quebec to this day.

United Kingdom

Colonial Regimes

Quebecers suffered quite a number of successive colonial regimes throughout their history. Here they are, in chronological order:

  • From 1534 to 1663, First French Colonial Regime - Company Rule: 129 years
  • 1663 to 1759, Second French Colonial Regime - Sovereign Council: 96 years
  • 1759, Québec City British Occupation: 3 months
  • From 1759 to 1763, First British Military Regime: 4 years
  • From 1763 to 1774, British Royal Regime: 11 years
  • From 1774 to 1791, First British Parliamentary Regime: 17 years
  • From 1791 to 1837, Second British Parliamentary Regime: 46 years
  • 1839, Second British Military Regime: 1 year
  • From 1839 to 1840, Third British Parliamentary Regime - Special Council: 2 years
  • From 1840 to 1867, Fourth British Parliamentary Regime - Union of Upper and Lower Canada: 27 years
  • From 1867 to present, Fifth British Parliamentary Regime - federal Dominion: 136 years

Total: 472 years in 2006

Other Relevant Documents

Constitutional Terminology

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