Independence of Québec - User contributions [en]

Jean-François Lisée

2010-10-19T15:38:18Z

Liberlogos: + "Pour une gauche efficace"

[[Image:Jean-Francois Lisee.jpg|right|180px]]
{{Author|Jean-François Lisée|Lisée, Jean-François|L| (1958-) Journalist, author, academic and political consultant.}}

== From the author ==
* 1990 - ''Carrefours Amérique''
* 1990 - ''Dans l'oeil de l'aigle: Washington face au Québec''
* 1990 - ''In the Eye of the Eagle''
* 1993 - ''Les Prétendants - Qui sera le futur chef du Parti libéral du Québec?''
* 1994 - ''The trickster: Robert Bourassa and the Quebecers, 1990-92'' ([http://books.google.ca/books?id=Tu2RuQ_HQxcC preview])
* 1994 - ''Le Tricheur: Robert Bourassa et les Québécois, 1990-1991''
* 1994 - ''Le Naufrageur: Robert Bourassa et les Québécois, 1991-1992''
* 2000 - ''Sortie de secours: Comment échapper au déclin du Québec''
* 2007 - ''Nous''
* 2008 - ''Pour une gauche efficace''

== See also ==
* ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'' (ghostwritten for [[Jacques Parizeau]])

== On the author ==

== Elsewhere on the Web ==
* "[http://www2.lactualite.com/jean-francois-lisee/ Le blogue de Jean-François Lisée]", in ''L'actualité.com''
* "[http://www.cerium.ca/Lisee-Jean-Francois Jean-François Lisée]", in CÉRIUM's Web site
* [http://politiquessociales.net/ PolitiquesSociales.net]

[[Category:Authors of the 20th century]]
[[Category:Authors of the 21st century]]
[[Category:Pro-independence authors]]

Excerpt of The Cultural Fatigue of French Canada by Hubert Aquin

2009-06-15T06:45:18Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|The Cultural Fatigue of French Canada|by [[w:Hubert Aquin|Hubert Aquin]]| Translated in 2008 by [[User:Mathieugp|Mathieu Gauthier-Pilote]] from: Three excerpts published in ''Le Devoir'', on November 8, 9 and 10, 2006}}

----
This is an unofficial translation of a few excerpts of ''La fatigue culturelle du Canada français'' by Hubert Aquin which were published by ''[http://www.ledevoir.com/ Le Devoir]'' during the time of a symposium entitled "[http://www.radio-canada.ca/aquin Hubert Aquin : cinq questions aux nationalistes d'aujourd'hui]" (Hubert Aquin: five questions for today's nationalists). ''[[biblio:La fatigue culturelle du Canada français|La fatigue culturelle du Canada français]]'' first appeared in ''Liberté'' in 1962. The excerpts published in ''Le Devoir'' were taken from ''Mélanges littéraires II - Comprendre dangereusement'', critical edition established by Jacinthe Martel in collaboration with Claude Lamy, Leméac Éditeur (Bibliothèque québécoise), 1995.
----

== Excerpt 1 ==
[[Image:Pierre-trudeau.png|thumb|left|Pierre Elliott Trudeau, lawyer, future Prime Minister of Canada]][[Image:Hubert-Aquin.jpg|thumb|Hubert Aquin, writer, editor, producer, director, militant of the independence of Quebec]]Is the [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Nation-State Nation-State] an odious trap in which the best elements of the left foolishly fall into because they are emotive; does the concept of Nation-State imply a kind of malefic and intrinsically negative [http://thesaurus.reference.com/browse/ipseity ipseity] that we should agree to ban forever from our minds, as one of the "transitory phase" of humanity, like others had to sublimate cannibalism? Here is the question to which [[Wikipedia:Pierre Elliott Trudeau|Pierre Elliott Trudeau]] gives a brilliant and rhetorically convincing answer{{Refl|1}} which, nevertheless, seems to me like a charade-question or, better, a dialectical trap.

Let me explain. By posing as a premise that separatism postulates a Nation-State, it is relatively easy if not pleasant to refute this aspiration of the French-Canadian nation to transmute into a Nation-State. Now, precisely, the Nation-State is a concept that is truly outdated and which does not correspond neither to reality nor to the latest data of science.

The nation is not, as Trudeau lets us understand, an ethnic reality. There are [[Wikipedia:Ethnic group|ethnicities]] no longer, or so little. Population displacements, immigration, [[Wikipedia:cultural assimilation|assimilation]] (which [http://www.demo.umontreal.ca/personnel/Henripin_Jacques.htm Jacques Henripin] rightly refers to as "[[Wikipedia:language shift|language shifts]]") produced an interpenetration of ethnies for which one incontestable result, in French Canada for example, is the grouping no longer according to the principle of the ethnic origin (the race, as we were still saying only twenty-five years ago) but according to a homogeneous cultural group whose only verifiable specificity is to be found at the linguistic level.

It only suffices to look around oneself, among the people that we know, to quickly count the number of pure wool French Canadians: they are not the only "true" French Canadians! The Mackays, the Johnsons, the Elliotts, the Aquins, the Molinaris, the O'Harleys, the Spénarts, the Espositos, the Globenskis, etc., say a lot about the French-Canadian ethnie-nation. The "language shifts", of which speaks Henripin, have occurred to our benefit as well as to our expense, so much that the kernel of immigrated colonists who accomplished the ''survivance'' are today mixed, at the ethnic level, to all the contributions that immigration or the randomness of love have added to our national ethnic purity.

In fact, there no longer is a French-Canadian nation but a cultural-linguistic group homogeneous by its language. So will it be for the [[Wikipedia:Wolof people|Wolof]], the [[Wikipedia:Serer|Serer]] and the [[Wikipedia:Peul|Peul]] of [[Wikipedia:Senegal|Senegal]] who will one day become Senegalese, if nothing stops the schooling process whose upcoming result will be to give birth to a cultural-linguistic group of multiple ethnic origins.

'''Cultural Homogeneity and Pluralism'''

French Canada is polyethnic. And it would be pure folly, I convene, for the French Canadians to dream of a Nation-State when precisely the French-Canadian nation has made way to a global, coherent culture, whose basis is a linguistic difference. That we call this new agglomerate a nation, I do not mind, but then it can no longer be question of the nation as a ferment of racism and all its abominable derivatives.

What distinguishes Canada from French Canada, is not that the bigger one is polyethnic while the second is monoethnic, but that the first is bicultural while the second is culturally homogeneous (which does not exclude, thank God, pluralism in all its forms).

The Nation-State couple which Pierre Elliott Trudeau denounces does not correspond to reality and could constitute a sincere ambition but for a minority who, because of this fact, will never realize their dream. It would be more accurate to speak of a Monocultural State. If a few backwards people still dream of a pure French-Canadian blood, let us simply consider them to be intellectual delinquents!

''Le Devoir'' 
Wednesday, November 8, 2006

'''Notes'''

{{Refa|1}} "La nouvelle trahison des clercs", in ''[[Wikipedia:Cité libre|Cité libre]]'', April 1962

== Excerpt 2 ==

Nationalism which at first surprises, like the son's first adolescent cry, ends up being considered with solicitude not only by the [[Wikipedia:Canadian federalism|federalists]], but by all the French Canadians tired of the very idea that they should be making an effort to exist outside the system of acceptation and grandeur which their leaders propose, these apostles of comprehension, of union, of greater ensembles, of the urgency of the great problems of the world or of religion.

This system (had it been thought out that it could not have been any more coherent!) works very well and since a long time, and does not at all imply the disappearance of the French fact in Canada, but rather domestication at all levels and in all consciences.

The proof of its efficacy reside in its diffusion inside French Canada, where all its best defenders are located because, in French and with emotion in their voice, they easily persuade their compatriots of the necessity to remain French-Canadian and prove ''d’un vieux souffle'' that "it is up to us to prove ourselves, because it is by being better French-Canadians that we will give English Canada the image of a vigorous French-Canadian culture."

"If Quebec became an exemplary province, if in it men lived under the sign of liberty and progress, if culture occupied a place of choice, if universities were brilliant and if the public administration was the most progressive of the country — and nothing in this presupposes a declaration of independence! —, French Canadians would not need to fight to impose bilingualism, the knowledge of French would become a "status symbol" for anglophones, it would even become an asset in business and administration." — Pierre Elliott Trudeau, "La nouvelle trahison des clercs", in ''Cité libre'', April 1962, page 16. {{Refl|1}}

'''A derealization'''

The logic of the system seems unconsciously faithful to its goal. Is it necessary to assess the operation, surely unconscious, of "derealization" of French Canada in its globality? The one who wants to succeed must renounce to the cultural push given to him by French Canada, and, initially, find himself in a situation of cultural fatigue, this interior dragon from which he must individually triumph to prove that, through him, French Canada has the right to exist!

But we forget that this can only be realized at the level of exception and, consequently, only values the individual since, for the culture which he incarnates, its devaluation finds itself involved in the "exceptional" triumph. "[...] The personal and localized success all the more tends to become an essential moment for oneself since collective success appears more compromised or more distant. ([[Wikipedia:Jean-Paul Sartre|Jean-Paul Sartre]], ''Critique de la raison dialectique'', Paris 1960, page 572. {{Refl|2}} )

But why must French Canadians be better? Why must they "succeed" to justify their existence? This exhortation to individual superiority is presented as an inevitable challenge we must undertake. But let us not forget that the cult of challenge can only be conceived as a function of an obstacle, of an initial handicap, and can be reduced, in final analysis, to a test to which each individual is subjected.

Only exploit valorizes us and, according to this precise requirement, we must convene that [[Wikipedia:Maurice Richard|Maurice Richard]] did better than our federal politicians. We have the sporting spirit nationally and since we dream of fabricating heroes rather than a State, we endeavour to win collective struggle individually.

''Le Devoir'' 
Thursday, November, 2006

'''Notes'''

{{Refa|1}} « il n’en tient qu’à nous de nous faire valoir, car c’est en étant meilleurs qu’on donnera au Canada anglais l’image d’une culture canadienne-française vigoureuse ».

« Si le Québec devenait cette province exemplaire, si les hommes y vivaient sous le signe de la liberté et du progrès, si la culture y occupait une place de choix, si les universités étaient rayonnantes et si l’administration publique était la plus progressive du pays - et rien de tout cela ne présuppose une déclaration d’indépendance ! -, les Canadiens français n’auraient plus à se battre pour imposer le bilinguisme, la connaissance du français deviendrait pour l’anglophone un "status symbol", cela deviendrait même un atout pour les affaires et pour l’administration. Ottawa même serait transformée, par la compétence de nos politiques et de nos fonctionnaires » (Pierre Elliott Trudeau, "La nouvelle trahison des clercs", in ''Cité libre'', avril 1962, page 16.)

{{Refa|2}} « [ ... ] [L)a réussite personnelle et localisée tend d’autant plus à se poser pour soi comme moment essentiel que la réussite commune semble plus compromise ou plus éloignée. » (Jean-Paul Sartre, ''Critique de la raison dialectique'', Paris 1960, page 572.).

== Excerpt 3 ==

What will happen to French Canada in the end? To tell the truth, nobody really knows, especially not the French Canadians whose ambivalence on this subject is typical; they simultaneously want to yield to cultural tiredness and triumph over it, they preach in the same sermon both renouncement and ambition. To be convinced of this, one can read the articles signed by our great nationalists, which are deeply ambiguous speeches where it is difficult to distinguish the exhortation to revolution from the call to constitutionality, the revolutionary ardour from the will to obey.

The French-Canadian culture offers all the symptoms of an extreme tiredness: it aspires, at the same time, to strength and to rest, to existential intensity and to suicide, to independence and to dependence.

Independence can only be regarded as a political and social lever for a relatively homogeneous culture. It is not historically necessary, no more than is the culture which reclaims it. It must not be considered a superior and privileged mode of being for a cultural community; but, unquestionably, independence is a cultural mode of being just like dependence is. In the field of knowledge, the modes of being of any given cultural group are equally interesting. Knowledge is concerned with realities, not values.

'''The running away'''

[...] Another way of derealizing French Canada is to only accept its administrative translation as a province. "Quebec is a province like the others", which amounts to accepting the reality of the French-Canadian culture only according to the legalistic terms of the [[Wikipedia:Canadian confederation|Confederation]] which regionalizes and provincializes this culture. This reasoning is the inversion of the Other according to the size of the confrontation pole, but is also the same reasoning, structurally, in that it retracts the French-Canada/English-Canada axis which, historically and politically, is the most constitutive, and which does not exclude the multidimensional relations of French Canada with the world and history.

Altogether, our thinkers on several occasions refused the historical dialectic which defines us and called upon another dialectic which, by widening the confrontation or by reducing it excessively, meant a refusal to look at French Canada as a global culture. This refusal has constituted the ideological basis to several systems of thought in Canada.

Our thinkers deployed a big logical apparatus to exit out of the French-Canadian dialectic which remains, still today, exhausting, depressing, inferiorizing for the French Canadian. The "how to get out of it?" was the fundamental problem of our thinkers and their dialectic runaways do nothing but tragically express this morbid taste for exile which our letters, since [[Wikipedia:Octave Crémazie|Crémazie]], do nothing but resound.

What they have fled, in ideological wasting or travels, it is an untenable condition of subordination, of contempt for oneself and one's own, of bitterness, of uninterrupted tiredness and a reaffirmed desire to no longer undertake anything.

The French Canadian often presents himself, through his leading spokesmen, as a ''blasé'' people who believes neither in themselves nor in anything. The self-devaluation accomplished its evil, after so long, and if it were necessary to quote but one proof of it, I would mention the delirious over-evaluation in which now gives the French-Canadian separatist. He pants in exhaustion, but it should be said, to excuse him, that if he does not do it, he very well risks, conditioned as he is to depression and to defeat, to think of himself as the last of idiots, and his own milieu never fails to let him know.

''Le Devoir'' 
Friday, November 10, 2006

{{GFDL}}
[[Category:Translations]]
[[Category:20th century]]

User:Liberlogos/French Canadianism

2008-07-02T02:47:07Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[French Canadianism]]

User:Liberlogos/We Shall Dare

2008-07-02T02:44:36Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]

User:Liberlogos/We Shall Dare

2008-07-02T02:44:16Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]
d

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-07-02T02:42:24Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]

User:Liberlogos/For an Independent Quebec

2008-07-02T02:42:05Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[For an Independent Quebec]]

User:Liberlogos/The Case for a Sovereign Quebec

2008-07-02T02:41:51Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]

User:Liberlogos/French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty

2008-07-02T02:41:13Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]

User:Liberlogos/The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland

2008-07-02T02:39:08Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]

User:Liberlogos/Answer to A Warning to Belfast

2008-07-02T02:38:38Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]

User:Liberlogos/A Warning to Belfast

2008-07-02T02:37:02Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[A Warning to Belfast]]

User:Liberlogos/Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois

2008-07-02T02:36:43Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]

User:Liberlogos/We Are a Nation

2008-07-02T02:36:12Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]

User:Liberlogos/We Shall Dare

2008-07-02T02:35:19Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]

User:Liberlogos/Kosovo and us

2008-07-02T02:33:32Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[Kosovo and Us]]

User:Liberlogos/René Lévesque in Scotland

2008-07-02T02:32:50Z

Liberlogos:

#REDIRECT [[In Praise of Small Countries]]

Utilisateur:Liberlogos/Finished drafts

2008-07-01T20:52:09Z

Liberlogos:

*[[User:Liberlogos/René Lévesque in Scotland|René Lévesque in Scotland]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/Kosovo and us|Kosovo and Us]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Shall Dare|We Shall Dare]] — Lucien Bouchard
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Are a Nation|We Are a Nation]] — Bernard Landry
*[[User:Liberlogos/Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois|Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]] — Alex Salmond
*[[User:Liberlogos/A Warning to Belfast|A Warning to Belfast]] — Goldwin Smith, 1888
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Answer to A Warning to Belfast|Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'' — Samuel Clarke, 1888
*''[[User:Liberlogos/The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland|The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'' — The Times, 1975
*''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadianism|French Canadianism]]'' — The New York Times, 1860
*''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty|French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'' — Editorial of The Times, 1860
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'' — Jacques Parizeau
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/For an Independent Quebec|For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press

Utilisateur:Liberlogos/Finished drafts

2008-07-01T20:51:36Z

Liberlogos:

*[[User:Liberlogos/René Lévesque in Scotland]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/Kosovo and us|Kosovo and Us]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Shall Dare|We Shall Dare]] — Lucien Bouchard
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Are a Nation|We Are a Nation]] — Bernard Landry
*[[User:Liberlogos/Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois|Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]] — Alex Salmond
*[[User:Liberlogos/A Warning to Belfast|A Warning to Belfast]] — Goldwin Smith, 1888
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Answer to A Warning to Belfast|Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'' — Samuel Clarke, 1888
*''[[User:Liberlogos/The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland|The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'' — The Times, 1975
*'''''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadianism|French Canadianism]]''''' — The New York Times, 1860
*'''''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty|French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]''''' — Editorial of The Times, 1860
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'' — Jacques Parizeau
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/For an Independent Quebec|For an Independent Quebec]]''''' — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press

User:Liberlogos

2008-07-01T20:41:40Z

Liberlogos: /* In English */

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* June 2008: ''[[Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* [[User:Liberlogos/Various quotes|Various quotes]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Original concession speech for the 1995 Referendum on the YES side]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]''''' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]'''
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Language and Citizenship|René Lévesque on Language and Citizenship]]''' — René Lévesque [http://archives.radio-canada.ca/dossier.asp?page=3&IDDossier=1123&IDCat=202&IDCatPa=149]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

== Others ==
* [[Utilisateur:Liberlogos/Finished drafts|Finished drafts]]

Utilisateur:Liberlogos/Finished drafts

2008-07-01T20:40:33Z

Liberlogos:

*[[User:Liberlogos/René Lévesque in Scotland]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/Kosovo and us|Kosovo and Us]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Shall Dare|We Shall Dare]] — Lucien Bouchard [http://web.archive.org/web/20000619033351/http://www.pq.org/dis0507b.pdf]
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Are a Nation|We Are a Nation]] — Bernard Landry
*[[User:Liberlogos/Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois|Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]] — Alex Salmond
*[[User:Liberlogos/A Warning to Belfast|A Warning to Belfast]] — Goldwin Smith, 1888 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/698/160/28523912w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS201903929&dyn=61!xrn_1_0_CS201903929&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Answer to A Warning to Belfast|Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'' — Samuel Clarke, 1888 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/698/160/28523912w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS218681160&dyn=52!xrn_45_0_CS218681160&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland|The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'' — The Times, 1975 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/943/803/28681386w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS235240657&dyn=15!xrn_1_0_CS235240657&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*'''''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadianism|French Canadianism]]''''' — The New York Times, 1860 [[French Canadianism|(¤)]]
*'''''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty|French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]''''' — Editorial of The Times, 1860 [[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'' — Jacques Parizeau ([[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|¤]])
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/For an Independent Quebec|For an Independent Quebec]]''''' — René Lévesque ([[For an Independent Quebec|¤]])
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=7&did=194795771&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793] [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=5&did=296657801&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793]

Utilisateur:Liberlogos/Finished drafts

2008-07-01T20:36:57Z

Liberlogos:

*[[User:Liberlogos/René Lévesque in Scotland]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/Kosovo and us|Kosovo and Us]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Shall Dare|We Shall Dare]] — Lucien Bouchard [http://web.archive.org/web/20000619033351/http://www.pq.org/dis0507b.pdf]
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Are a Nation|We Are a Nation]] — Bernard Landry
*[[User:Liberlogos/Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois|Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]] — Alex Salmond
*[[User:Liberlogos/A Warning to Belfast|A Warning to Belfast]] — Goldwin Smith, 1888 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/698/160/28523912w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS201903929&dyn=61!xrn_1_0_CS201903929&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Answer to A Warning to Belfast|Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'' — Samuel Clarke, 1888 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/698/160/28523912w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS218681160&dyn=52!xrn_45_0_CS218681160&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland|The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'' — The Times, 1975 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/943/803/28681386w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS235240657&dyn=15!xrn_1_0_CS235240657&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*'''''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadianism|French Canadianism]]''''' — The New York Times, 1860 [[French Canadianism|(¤)]]
*'''''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty|French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]''''' — Editorial of The Times, 1860 [[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty|(¤)]]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Language and Citizenship|René Lévesque on Language and Citizenship]]''' — René Lévesque [http://archives.radio-canada.ca/dossier.asp?page=3&IDDossier=1123&IDCat=202&IDCatPa=149]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'' — Jacques Parizeau ([[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|¤]])
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/For an Independent Quebec|For an Independent Quebec]]''''' — René Lévesque ([[For an Independent Quebec|¤]])
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=7&did=194795771&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793] [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=5&did=296657801&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793]

Utilisateur:Liberlogos/Finished drafts

2008-07-01T20:36:36Z

Liberlogos:

*[[User:Liberlogos/Main Page]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/René Lévesque in Scotland]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/Kosovo and us|Kosovo and Us]]
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Shall Dare|We Shall Dare]] — Lucien Bouchard [http://web.archive.org/web/20000619033351/http://www.pq.org/dis0507b.pdf]
*[[User:Liberlogos/We Are a Nation|We Are a Nation]] — Bernard Landry
*[[User:Liberlogos/Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois|Letter of Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]] — Alex Salmond
*[[User:Liberlogos/A Warning to Belfast|A Warning to Belfast]] — Goldwin Smith, 1888 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/698/160/28523912w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS201903929&dyn=61!xrn_1_0_CS201903929&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Answer to A Warning to Belfast|Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'' — Samuel Clarke, 1888 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/698/160/28523912w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS218681160&dyn=52!xrn_45_0_CS218681160&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland|The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'' — The Times, 1975 [http://infotrac.galegroup.com.res.banq.qc.ca/itw/infomark/943/803/28681386w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS235240657&dyn=15!xrn_1_0_CS235240657&hst_1?sw_aep=biblioquebes]
*'''''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadianism|French Canadianism]]''''' — The New York Times, 1860 [[French Canadianism|(¤)]]
*'''''[[User:Liberlogos/French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty|French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]''''' — Editorial of The Times, 1860 [[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty|(¤)]]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Language and Citizenship|René Lévesque on Language and Citizenship]]''' — René Lévesque [http://archives.radio-canada.ca/dossier.asp?page=3&IDDossier=1123&IDCat=202&IDCatPa=149]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'' — Jacques Parizeau ([[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|¤]])
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/For an Independent Quebec|For an Independent Quebec]]''''' — René Lévesque ([[For an Independent Quebec|¤]])
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=7&did=194795771&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793] [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=5&did=296657801&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793]

User:Liberlogos

2008-07-01T20:35:32Z

Liberlogos:

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* June 2008: ''[[Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* [[User:Liberlogos/Various quotes|Various quotes]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Original concession speech for the 1995 Referendum on the YES side]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]''''' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]'''
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

== Others ==
* [[Utilisateur:Liberlogos/Finished drafts|Finished drafts]]

Gaston Miron

2008-07-01T20:30:59Z

Liberlogos:

[[Image:Gaston miron.jpg|right|180px]]
{{Author|Gaston Miron|Miron, Gaston|M| (1928-1996) Poet, editor, militant of the RIN, the PSQ and the PQ.}}

== From the author ==

* 1953 - ''Deux sangs'' avec Olivier Marchand
* 1970 - ''[[Excerpt of L'homme rapaillé by Gaston Miron|L'homme rapaillé]]'' (reedited and augmented in 1981)
* 1975 - ''Courtepointes''
* 1977 - ''Souverain Québec'' (avec le Collectif Change)
* 1984 - ''Embers and earth : selected poems'' (translation of by D.G. Jones and Marc Plourde)
* 1986 - ''[[October|The March to Love: selected poems]]'' (translation of Douglas G. Jones)
* 1993 - ''Counterpanes'' (translated by Dennis Egan)
=== Posthumous ===
* 2003 - ''Poèmes épars''
* 2004 - ''Un long chemin (d’autres proses)''

== On the author ==

* [[Jacques Brault]]
* [[Claude Filtreau]]
* [[Yannick Gasquy-Resch]]
* [[Pierre Nepveu]]
* [[Marie-Andrée Beaudet]]

[[Category:Authors]]
[[Category:Authors-M]]
[[Category:Gaston Miron|*]]

Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-07-01T20:11:10Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|[[w:Canadian Press|Canadian Press]]|June 18, 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] from: ''[[w:Edmonton Journal|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:The Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an [[w:Honorary degree|honorary]] Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in [[w:Western Canada|Western Canada]]. But it's also an issue in the [[w:Eastern Ontario|Eastern Ontario]] town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that [[w:Culture of Quebec|their rich and highly contributive culture]] deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:The Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's [[w:John Belushi|John Belushi]] starred in The Blues Brothers, [[w:1941 (film)|1941]] and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet (1987 film)|Dragnet]].

[[Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[Category:Quebec bashing]]

Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-19T22:32:03Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|[[w:Canadian Press|Canadian Press]]|June 18, 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] from: ''[[w:Edmonton Journal|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:The Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an [[w:Honorary degree|honorary]] Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in [[w:Western Canada|Western Canada]]. But it's also an issue in the [[w:Eastern Ontario|Eastern Ontario]] town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that [[w:Culture of Quebec|their rich and highly contributive culture]] deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:The Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's [[w:John Belushi|John Belushi]] starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet (1987 film)|Dragnet]].

[[Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[Category:Quebec bashing]]

User:Liberlogos

2008-06-19T22:31:10Z

Liberlogos:

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* June 2008: ''[[Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* [[User:Liberlogos/Various quotes|Various quotes]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Original concession speech for the 1995 Referendum on the YES side]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]''''' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]'''
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-19T22:29:51Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|[[w:Canadian Press|Canadian Press]]|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] from: ''[[w:Edmonton Journal|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:The Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an [[w:Honorary degree|honorary]] Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in [[w:Western Canada|Western Canada]]. But it's also an issue in the [[w:Eastern Ontario|Eastern Ontario]] town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that [[w:Culture of Quebec|their rich and highly contributive culture]] deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:The Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's [[w:John Belushi|John Belushi]] starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet (1987 film)|Dragnet]].

[[Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[Category:Quebec bashing]]

The Case for a Sovereign Quebec

2008-06-07T05:37:06Z

Liberlogos: /* Old friends */

{{title|The Case for a Sovereign Quebec|[[Jacques Parizeau]]*|Summer 1995 Transcripted by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] from: ''[[w:Foreign Policy|Foreign Policy]]''}}

[[Image:Parizeau.jpg|right|thumb|Jacques Parizeau, Premier of Quebec from 1994 to 1996.]]

:''JACQUES PARIZEAU, of the Parti Québécois, is the prime minister of Quebec.''

The problem with Canada can be summed up in one question: How many nations live in its midst? For Quebecers, who have spoken French on this continent [[w:New France|since 1608]] and who make up [[w:Spoken languages of Canada|25 per cent of Canada's population]], the answer is obviously two. That is the understanding upon which Canada was [[w:Canadian Confederation|founded in 1867]]. The two nations would share some powers in a central state, but they would also coexist in strong [[w:Provinces and territories of Canada|provincial governments]] with substantial autonomy.

The notion of Canadian duality has been at the center of Canadian unity for more than 100 years. Fifteen years ago, when Quebecers were [[w:1980 Quebec referendum|first asked to vote in a referendum]] on sovereignty, opponents argued that there was no need for independence because new ways would be found to strengthen Canada's duality and to protect [[w:Distinct society|Quebec's distinctiveness]] within Canada.

But then that promise was broken. The contract that linked Quebec to the rest of Canada was [[w:Constitution of Canada|changed in 1982]] by the federal government and the nine English provinces. [[w:Night of the Long Knives (Canada)|A new constitution was imposed upon Quebec]] against its will, and it reduced Quebecers' ability to govern themselves on matters such as language and education. All parties in Quebec's parliament, the [[w:National Assembly of Quebec|National Assembly]], denounced the action, and all Quebec governments elected since then have refused to ratify the document.

More than just a breach of contract, the 1982 constitution brought about a change in the nature of Canada. It embodied and propelled a strong Canadian national will that now negates the very existence of Quebec as a nation. In an attempt to repair the damage done in 1982, the Canadian prime minister and the premiers of all 10 provinces drafted amendments to recognize that the 7 million Quebecers, with their own history, language, culture, and laws, at least made up a "distinct society" within Canada. The effort aroused tremendous opposition in English Canada, and it failed. This past winter, a typical poll. showed that two-thirds of English Canadians believe that Quebecers are not a "distinct people" within Canada. Not a single political leader outside Quebec will now consider touching the issue, and the federal government has pledged to propose no reform of Canada's fundamental law at any time in the foreseeable future.

That is the crux of the issue. Quebecers, who have a strong sense of their identity, live in a country that refuses to acknowledge their existence. They are told either to conform with a vision of Canada they do not share or to leave.

That is why a great number of former defenders of Canadian unity have now sided with the advocates of sovereignty for Quebec. Chief among them is former Canadian ambassador to France and former Canadian environment minister [[w:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard]]. In the 1993 federal election, Quebecers elected so many candidates of his pro-sovereignty party, the Bloc Québécois, that Lucien Bouchard is now the leader of the opposition in Ottawa. Marcel Masse, minister of defense in Brian Mulroney's government, also announced recently that he could not defend the new Canadian view of the country and had "no choice" but to support independence.

The increased support for sovereignty is not just evident among political leaders. Whereas 15 years ago fewer than 20 per cent of Quebecers favored outright separation for Quebec, the figure is now more than 40 per cent. Over the last five years, support for our proposal for sovereignty—with maintenance of a common market association with Canada—soared to 65 per cent of the population of Quebec and has since then gone back and forth over the 50 per cent mark. We are confident that this year, a clear majority of Quebecers will choose to give themselves a real country.

The case for independence does not rely solely on Canada's refusal to compromise with its French component. It draws strength from the federal government's incessant infringements on Quebec's jurisdiction and from the decisions of the Canadian Supreme Court to shorten the list of Quebec's powers. The court did so again just last year by denying Quebec any say in telecommunications policy, whether or not it is linked to cultural content.

Quebec's determination to become a member of the family of nations ultimately stems from its own successes. When upwards of two-thirds of your economy is owned by domestic interests; when you export 47 per cent of everything you produce; when your labor force is skilled enough to get world-class mandates for local [[w:General Motors|General Motors]] and [[w:IBM|IBM]] plants; when you have a well-educated adult population that is the most bilingual in Canada or the United States and that has developed strong bonds with both American and European cultures; and when your subways, airplanes, songs, plays, circus, and cinema are a part of the fabric of international life, you have no desire to turn inward. You have no desire to close doors. Rather, you want to open them wide. You want to step out and be yourself, talk for yourself, and deal for yourself, directly and without any intermediary.

== Trading with Quebec ==

Quebecers have demonstrated that they are strong supporters of free trade. Without Quebec, there would not have been enough support in Canada to enact either the Canada-United States free trade deal or the [[w:North American Free Trade Agreement|North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA). The sovereignist movement has always been at the forefront of the free trade movement, and it still is. Our parliament will be the first among the Canadian provinces to pass the enabling legislation putting into effect those portions of the NAFTA agreement dealing with provincial jurisdiction.

Obviously, the agreement reached at last December's Summit of the Americas, which proposes to complete hemispheric free trade within 10 years, is very good news for us. Quebec is the United States's eighth largest trading partner, with its trade amounting to 40 per cent of the total U.S.-Mexican trading relationship. As a sovereign country, Quebec's [[w:gross domestic product|gross domestic product]] would rate among the GDPs of the strongest members of the [[w:Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development|Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development]], just after Switzerland, Sweden, and Austria, and before Denmark.

In a recent Business Week article, [[w:Gary Becker|Gary Becker]], the American [[w:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel laureate for economics]], used the example of Quebec to show that this brand of nationalism is "merely riding the crest of world trade to forge new nations." It may be that world trade now enables smaller nations to prosper in large markets, but it is not only because we are traders that we want to be sovereign. If so, then California or Alberta could join the fray. What is really driving Quebecers' desire for independence is a need for identity, a wish for a more defined sense of personality in an increasingly impersonal world. As the French writer and diplomat [[w:Paul Claudel|Paul Claudel]] once said, "The best thing one can bring to the world is oneself."

In a speech delivered in Montreal in May 1992, [[w:Secretary-General of the United Nations|United Nations secretary-general]] [[w:Boutros Boutros-Ghali|Boutros Boutros-Ghali]] said something important that I think applies to Quebec: "A healthy globalization of modern life presupposes, in the first place, solid identities." He added, "An ordered world is a world of independent nations, open to each other and sharing respect for each other's differences and similarities. This is what I have termed the rich logic of nationalities and universality."

Open to the world and avid consumers and exporters of cultural and industrial products in both the French- and English-speaking worlds, Quebecers long to be more of an international presence. Sovereignty is a way to be fully present in the modern world of ideas, culture, commerce, and politics; it is a way to speak in our own voice in good intelligence with our neighbors as partners on this continent and elsewhere.

== Old friends ==

What can or should Americans do about Quebec's quest for sovereignty? Very little. Former president [[w:George H. W. Bush|George Bush]] once said the United States should "courageously sit on the side
lines" on the Quebec issue. Speaking before the Canadian parliament in February, President Bill Clinton repeated the traditional U.S. policy on the issue: friendship with its Canadian ally and acknowledgement that this is a decision for Canadians to make, democratically, among themselves.

:A [[w:Washington Post|Washington Post]] editorial summed it up best:

:''Most Americans probably watch this process with some degree of regret, for this country's inclination runs strongly in favor of ''[Canadian]'' unity. But American policy needs to remain absolutely neutral. As in certain marriages, differences that have become intractable over the years eventually justify divorce—and no one outside the family can make that judgment.''

We understand that Americans in general and the U.S. government in particular have enjoyed good relations with the Canadian government over the years. As Quebecers, we would like to take credit for our share of these good relations. The two Canadian prime ministers who most strongly promoted free trade with the United States in this century—[[w:Wilfrid Laurier|Wilfrid Laurier]] and [[w:Brian Mulroney|Brian Mulroney]]—both came from Quebec.

We have no scores to settle with either the Canadian government or Canadians in general. We wish them well. We simply think we would be better partners as neighbors rather than feuding "spouses." Nor do we want our internal debate to lessen in any way the quality of the current relationship between Washington and [[w:Ottawa|Ottawa]]. We fully intend—once sovereign—to maintain good relations with both.

When Quebecers [[w:Quebec general election, 1994|elected my government]] on September 12, 1994, they were told—both by us and by our [[w:Parti libéral du Québec|Liberal party]] opponents—that we planned to hold a referendum on sovereignty this year. Last December we expressed how this platform would be accomplished. We put a blueprint on the table in the form of a draft bill that Quebecers will be asked to discuss and amend, and then to adopt or reject in a referendum. The draft bill explains that sovereignty is our ability to vote on all our laws, to manage all our taxes, and to sign all our treaties. The bill states our willingness to ensure the continuity of Canadian laws, permits, and regulations during the transition period. It deals with minority rights within Quebec, and it foreshadows a regionalization of resources and responsibilities.

This past winter, we created 18 itinerant commissions to gather comments on the draft bill. More than 50,000 people participated in the process (out of a voting population of approximately 4 million), a process that will produce a modified bill on sovereignty thus molded by popular participation for passage in the National Assembly. Quebecers will then be asked to adopt or reject it in a referendum.

The bill also deals with the economic aftermath of sovereignty. If it is true that our story is one of a couple having reached irreconcilable differences and filing for divorce, then it is clear to us that we must have joint custody of two of our children: the federal debt and the Canadian dollar. Quebecers have no desire to avoid their responsibility—they will shoulder their share of the debt. The draft bill sets a one-year period following the referendum before full sovereignty comes into effect. During that period, interim measures will have to be set between Canada and Quebec regarding joint debt and assets while a final settlement of these questions is being negotiated.

In money matters, Quebecers hold about 100 billion Canadian dollars by our estimate. They are the cofounders and co-owners of the Canadian dollar, and, as most economists have pointed out, not only is there nothing to stop Quebec from using the dollar, but it is in the best interest of Canada that Quebec's currency remain the same. Of course, if Canada refuses to give Quebec any say in the management of the Bank of Canada, we would have no input on monetary policy. But as things now stand, we have not been able to get a word in edgewise at the Bank of Canada for decades. So, what is there to lose?

Minority issues are also carefully addressed in the draft bill. Because we have been for so long a minority in a country that to this day refuses to recognize our existence, we are extremely sensitive to the fate of minorities in Quebec. We intend to be beyond reproach on that score.

The Parti Québécois has made minority rights a part of its platform, and when I took office as prime minister, I strongly reaffirmed our commitment to enshrine in the constitution of a sovereign Quebec more rights for the anglophone minority of Quebec than the Canadian constitution has ever offered to the francophones of Canada. In order for members of the anglophone community—who make up about 10 per cent of Quebecers—to continue making their vibrant contribution to Quebec life, they need the opportunity to live to the fullest in their own language. That includes the right to be educated in English in institutions under their control, the right to receive medical care in their language, the right to have access to courts of law in their language, the right to express themselves in the language of their choice in the National Assembly, and the right to public broadcasting in both languages. This is the situation as it now stands. We would not have it any other way. We pledge that we will keep it this way.

Our relations with the 65,000 Quebecers who are members of the 11 native nations of Quebec will be guided by this same spirit. In the 1970s Quebec was the first province in Canada to sign a modern treaty with some of its native groups, and in the 1980s it was the first to recognize that native groups form distinct nations within Quebec. In the 1990s and beyond, we will continue to be in the forefront of self-government for native populations, and we pledge to offer these communities as much or more autonomy than that which exists elsewhere in North America.

The US. State Department aptly summed up the Quebec issue in a 1977 classified report, after the Parti Québécois first won control of the National Assembly. Thanks to the US. Freedom of Information Act, the most important policy paper on the issue then produced by American diplomats is now available. Back then, US. diplomats hoped that Canada would be flexible enough to accommodate the Quebec reality through some form of decentralization. The State Department concluded:

:''Our primary concern is the protection of over-all U.S. interests in Canada—including Quebec. A devolution of powers to Quebec only, particularly in cultural and social affairs—which have a human rights aspect, could well be less disruptive to U.S. interests than a general devolution to all the provinces. At the present time, English Canada does not support a Two-Nation approach, but this could change. It should also be kept in mind that Quebec does meet generally accepted criteria for national selfdetermination in the sense of ethnic distinctiveness in a clearly defined geographic area with an existing separate legal and governmental system. There is also no question regarding the basic long-term viability of an independent Quebec in the economic sense or in regards to its ability to be a responsible member of the family of nations. The unresolved and determining factor is and must be the will of the people of Quebec.''

Nothing is wrong in this assessment, except for the hope that English Canada could one day accept the "Two-Nation approach." The Quebec issue has been eating at the heart of Canadian politics for decades. Tremendous amounts of time, energy, and money have been spent and wasted on endless debate that has failed to produce a viable resolution within the Canadian framework. It has been unproductive and irritating. Even the leader of the pro-unity debate in Quebec, Liberal party leader [[w:Daniel Johnson, Jr.|Daniel Johnson]], acknowledges that a "[[w:sovereigntist|sovereigntist]] fiber" lies in every Quebecer, including himself. And, like almost every Quebecer, he describes himself as a "[[w:Quebec nationalism|Quebec nationalist]]." Quebec's quest for independence can be postponed or sidetracked, but at some point it will succeed, if only because a nation cannot endure forever in a country that denies its very existence. The conditions are right for an orderly, democratic transition to sovereignty in the months to come. The "determining factor" indeed is and must be the will of the people of Quebec.

== Notes ==
<nowiki>*:</nowiki> The ghostwriter of this text is journalist and intellectual [[Jean-François Lisée]], then political consultant to Premier Jacques Parizeau. [http://benhur.teluq.uquebec.ca/~journal/2006_02/nouvelle12.html]

1. This article was taken from the ''[[w:Foreign Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' political review (Summer 1995, No.99, pp. 69-77).

[[Category:Jacques Parizeau]]
[[Category:Jean-François Lisée]]
[[Category:United States of America]]

User talk:Mathieugp

2008-06-07T05:36:05Z

Liberlogos:

== For a / The Case of a ==

Tu as raison; je n'y avais pas pensé. ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' et ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'' sont ajoutés à la section « Newly added material » de l'accueil. --[[User:Liberlogos|Liberlogos]] 00:36, 7 June 2008 (CDT)

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-01T00:38:33Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|[[w:Canadian Press|Canadian Press]]|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] from: ''[[w:Edmonton Journal|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:The Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an [[w:Honorary degree|honorary]] Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in [[w:Western Canada|Western Canada]]. But it's also an issue in the [[w:Eastern Ontario|Eastern Ontario]] town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that [[w:Culture of Quebec|their rich and highly contributive culture]] deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:The Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's [[w:John Belushi|John Belushi]] starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet (1987 film)|Dragnet]].

[[:Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[:Category:Quebec bashing]]

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-01T00:37:56Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|[[w:Canadian Press|Canadian Press]]|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] from: ''[[w:Edmonton Journal|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:The Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an [[w:Honorary degree|honorary]] Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in [[w:Western Canada|Western Canada]]. But it's also an issue in the [[w:Eastern Ontario|Eastern Ontario]] town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that their rich and highly contributive culture deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:The Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's [[w:John Belushi|John Belushi]] starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet (1987 film)|Dragnet]].

[[:Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[:Category:Quebec bashing]]

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-01T00:34:39Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Canadian Press|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] de: ''[[w:|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:The Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an [[w:Honorary degree|honorary]] Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in [[w:Western Canada|Western Canada]]. But it's also an issue in the [[w:Eastern Ontario|Eastern Ontario]] town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that their rich and highly contributive culture deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:The Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's [[w:John Belushi|John Belushi]] starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet (1987 film)|Dragnet]].

[[:Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[:Category:Quebec bashing]]

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-01T00:33:45Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Canadian Press|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] de: ''[[w:|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:The Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an [[w:Honorary degree|honorary]] Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in Western Canada. But it's also an issue in the Eastern Ontario town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that their rich and highly contributive culture deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:The Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's [[w:John Belushi|John Belushi]] starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet (1987 film)|Dragnet]].

[[:Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[:Category:Quebec bashing]]

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-01T00:30:56Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Canadian Press|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] de: ''[[w:|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an honorary Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in Western Canada. But it's also an issue in the Eastern Ontario town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that their rich and highly contributive culture deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:The Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's John Belushi starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet (1987 film)|Dragnet]].

[[:Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[:Category:Quebec bashing]]

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-01T00:28:00Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Canadian Press|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] de: ''[[w:|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite [[w:Coneheads|Conehead]], [[w:Ghostbusters|Ghostbuster]] and [[w:Blues Brothers|Blues Brother]] returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an honorary Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in Western Canada. But it's also an issue in the Eastern Ontario town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that their rich and highly contributive culture deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the [[w:Second City|Second City]] comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer [[w:Lorne Michaels|Lorne Michaels]] on the popular [[w:Saturday Night Live|Saturday Night Live]] television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's John Belushi starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and [[w:Neighbors (film)|Neighbors]]. Aykroyd's other movie credits include [[w:Trading Places|Trading Places]], the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and [[w:Dragnet|Dragnet]].

[[:Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[:Category:Quebec bashing]]

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-06-01T00:01:04Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Canadian Press|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] de: ''[[w:|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite Conehead, Ghostbuster and Blues Brother returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an honorary Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in Western Canada. But it's also an issue in the Eastern Ontario town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that their rich and highly contributive culture deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the Second City comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer Lorne Michaels on the popular Saturday Night Live television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's John Belushi starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and Neighbors. Aykroyd's other movie credits include Trading Places, the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and Dragnet.

[[:Category:Friends of Quebec]]
[[:Category:Quebec bashing]]

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-05-31T09:30:32Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Canadian Press|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] de: ''[[w:|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite Conehead, Ghostbuster and Blues Brother returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an honorary Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in Western Canada. But it's also an issue in the Eastern Ontario town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that their rich and highly contributive culture deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the Second City comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer Lorne Michaels on the popular Saturday Night Live television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's John Belushi starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and Neighbors. Aykroyd's other movie credits include Trading Places, the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and Dragnet.

[[:Category:Friends of Quebec]]

User:Liberlogos

2008-05-31T03:57:41Z

Liberlogos: /* In English */

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=7&did=194795771&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793] [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=5&did=296657801&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793]
* [[User:Liberlogos/Various quotes|Various quotes]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Original concession speech for the 1995 Referendum on the YES side]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]''''' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]'''
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec

2008-05-31T03:56:23Z

Liberlogos:

{{Title|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Canadian Press|18 juin 1994 Transcribed by [[User:Liberlogos|Benoît Rheault]] de: ''[[w:|Edmonton Journal]]''}}

[[w:Carleton University|Carleton University]]'s favorite Conehead, Ghostbuster and Blues Brother returned to his alma mater on Friday and made a passionate pitch for national unity.

[[w:Dan Aykroyd|Dan Aykroyd]] was awarded an honorary Doctor of Literature degree at Carleton's graduation ceremonies - finally receiving a degree more than 20 years after attending the school.

Citing his mother's French-Canadian heritage, the comic actor, writer and director made a plea for tolerance for all Canadians.

"I have a great love for the French-Canadian people. It's an issue that is very divisive and burning on people's minds and I just want to say formally that I love Quebeckers."

Aykroyd told graduates he has heard a "lot of rancor and tremendous hostility" directed at Quebec and its people, especially in Western Canada. But it's also an issue in the Eastern Ontario town where he maintains a home.

"That's exactly the kind of discrimination, racism and supremacism that we've got to avoid in the world if we're going to change things."

Aykroyd called for "a sane and just solution - whatever that is" in the event Quebec opts for separation.

"If the majority of Quebeckers vote to go, what are we going to do? Send in the army? Of course not.

"We're going to help them with their ship of state. It's a democratic process. Let them decide for themselves."

But unless and until Quebeckers vote to separate, Canadians should encourage them to "continue in nationhood with Canada, albeit with the proper recognition that their rich and highly contributive culture deserves."

After leaving university, he joined the Second City comedy group in both Chicago and Toronto.

He teamed up with fellow Canadian producer Lorne Michaels on the popular Saturday Night Live television show, where the high-foreheaded Coneheads and The Blues Brothers were born.

He and SNL's John Belushi starred in The Blues Brothers, 1941 and Neighbors. Aykroyd's other movie credits include Trading Places, the two Ghostbuster films, Coneheads and Dragnet.

User:Liberlogos

2008-05-31T03:46:41Z

Liberlogos: /* In English */

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec|Dan Aykroyd pitches passion for Quebec]]'' — Canadian Press [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=7&did=194795771&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793] [http://proquest.umi.com.res.banq.qc.ca/pqdweb?index=5&did=296657801&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1212204567&clientId=63793] [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* [[User:Liberlogos/Various quotes|Various quotes]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]''''' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]'''
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

User:Liberlogos

2008-05-31T03:42:42Z

Liberlogos: /* In English */

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* [[User:Liberlogos/Various quotes|Various quotes]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]''''' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]'''
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

Category:United States of America

2008-05-29T17:06:04Z

Liberlogos:

[[Category:Subjects]]

User:Liberlogos

2008-05-29T17:05:25Z

Liberlogos: /* In English */

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]''''' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* '''[[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]'''
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

User:Liberlogos

2008-05-29T17:04:58Z

Liberlogos: /* In English */

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]''''' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

User:Liberlogos

2008-05-29T17:04:32Z

Liberlogos: /* In English */

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995|Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]'' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

User:Liberlogos

2008-05-29T17:04:10Z

Liberlogos: /* In English */

Greetings and welcome to Benoît Rheault's page! See [[Wikipedia:User:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia'' for my profile, as well as [[biblio:Utilisateur:Liberlogos|my userpage]] on ''La bibliothèque indépendantiste'' for texts in French. Do not hesitate to [[Wikipedia:Special:EmailUser/Liberlogos|talk to me and ask me questions]].

== Translations ==
* March 2008: ''[[Letter from Alex Salmond to the Parti Québécois]]'', by Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond, April 7, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Lettre_d'Alex_Salmond_au_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Opening Speech of the 14th National Congress of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Lucien Bouchard, May 5, 2000 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Discours_d'ouverture_du_XIVe_Congrès_national_du_Parti_Québécois (original)]
* March 2008: ''[[Kosovo and Us]]'', by Joseph Facal, February 20, 2008 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Le_Kosovo_et_nous (original)]
* February 2008: ''[[In Praise of Small Countries]]'', account of René Lévesque's travel to Scotland and view on small nations by Pierre Godin, 1997 [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Éloge_des_petits_pays (original)]

== Transcriptions ==
* May 2008: ''[[For an Independent Quebec]]'' — René Lévesque, July 1976
* May 2008: ''[[The Case for a Sovereign Quebec]]'', by Jacques Parizeau, Summer 1995
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadianism]]'', by The New York Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[French Canadian Ingratitude and Disloyalty]]'', editorial of The Times, 1860
* April 2008: ''[[October]]'', by Gaston Miron, October 1961
* March 2008: ''[[The Man from Quebec with a Message for Scotland]]'', account of René Lévesque's visit to Scotland by Ronald Faux, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[Answer to A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Samuel Clarke, October 8, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[A Warning to Belfast]]'', by Goldwin Smith, September 25, 1888
* March 2008: ''[[Speech Given in Verchères in the Context of the 2001 Leadership Campaign of the Parti Québécois]]'', by Bernard Landry, comparing Quebec to Ireland and Scotland, January 21, 2001

== Creations ==

* May 2008: ''[[Jacques Parizeau|Jacques Parizeau author page]]''
* May 2008: ''[[Jean-François Lisée|Jean-François Lisée author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Pierre Godin|Pierre Godin author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[Gaston Miron|Gaston Miron author page]]''
* April 2008: ''[[René Lévesque|René Lévesque author page]]''

== Contributions ==
* [[English speakers for the independence of Québec]]

== Exclusively in French ==

On the brother-site ''[[biblio:La bibliothèque indépendantiste|La bibliothèque indépendantiste]]''.

* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition|Le Québec: Un bon voisin en transition]]'' — René Lévesque, January 25, 1977
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Après-tout, après-tout|Après-tout, après-tout]]'' — Robert Burns
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration de Calton Hill|Déclaration de Calton Hill]]'' — Scots for a republic, October 8, 2004
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël|Déclaration d’indépendance de l’État d’Israël]]'' — Medīnat Yisrā'el, May 14, 1948
* May 2008: ''[[biblio:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil, Fall 2007
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël|Discours de Lucien Bouchard à l'occasion du 55e anniversaire de l'État d'Israël]]'' — Lucien Bouchard, May 7, 2003
* April 2008: ''[[biblio:Déclaration d'Arbroath|Déclaration d'Arbroath]]'' — 51 nobles and magnates in the name of the community of Scotland, April 6, 1320
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Chroniques calédoniennes|Chroniques calédoniennes]]'' — René Lévesque, 1975
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples|Une solution politique qui facilite la médiation culturelle entre les peuples]]'' — correspondance between Luigi Pautasso and René Lévesque, 1978
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:L'Acadie politique?|L'Acadie politique?]]'' — René Lévesque, October 19, 1974
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:Les Basques libres...|Les Basques libres...]]'' — René Lévesque, December 19, 1970
* March 2008: ''[[biblio:La "particule" grandit en Écosse...|La "particule" grandit en Écosse...]]'' — René Lévesque, October 8, 1974

== Works in progress ==

=== In French ===
* See [http://biblio.republiquelibre.org/Utilisateur:Liberlogos#Travaux_en_cours userpage section] on ''La Bibliothèque indépendantiste''.

=== In English ===

* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Discours original de défaite du référendum de 1995]]'' — Jean-François Lisée [http://web.archive.org/web/20070818072934/http://www.uni.ca/library/speech.html]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos/Declaration of Calton Hill|Declaration of Calton Hill]]'' ([[Declaration of Calton Hill|¤]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Calton_Hill] [http://www.petitiononline.com/calton/petition.html] [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Declaration+of+Calton+Hill%22&rls=com.microsoft:fr:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:October|October (two versions)]]'' — Gaston Miron [[October|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|Sorry... I Don't Speak French !]]'' — Émilie Dubreuil [[Sorry... I Don't Speak French !|(¤)]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel|Speech by Lucien Bouchard on the 55th anniversary of the State of Israel]]'' — Lucien Bouchard
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quotes on Ireland and Quebec|Quotes on Ireland and Quebec]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne|Quarante ans d'études québécoises en Grande Bretagne]]'' — Rachel Killick [http://www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:Nc1fkhXcZC4J:www.erudit.org/revue/vi/2001/v27/n1/201594ar.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=8]
* [[User:Liberlogos:British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references|British Journal of Canadian Studies, volume 18 references]] [http://www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%2018_2.pdf] [http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:SzM6gKbbP6AJ:www.canadian-studies.info/main/images/stories/Index%252018_2.pdf+%22British+Journal+of+Canadian+Studies%22+QUebec+Scotland&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=1] [http://catalogue.banq.qc.ca/cap_fr.html]
* [[User:Liberlogos:Quebec Bashing Anthology|Quebec Bashing Anthology]]
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:What It Means To Be French In Canada|What It Means To Be French In Canada]]'' — Robert-Guy Scully 
* [[User:Liberlogos:Lucien Bouchard|Lucien Bouchard author page]] [[Lucien Bouchard|(¤)]]
* [[User:Liberlogos:René Lévesque on Ireland|René Lévesque on Ireland]] — René Lévesque
* ''[[User:Liberlogos:Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park|Speech given by Honoré Mercier in 1885 at Sohmer Park]]'' — Honoré Mercier
* '''''[[User:Liberlogos:Laurentia Revisited|Laurentia Revisited]]''''' — The New York Times [[Laurentia Revisited|(¤)]]
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Kennedy for a Free Quebec|Kennedy for a Free Quebec]]'' — Jean-François Lisée, 1990
*''[[User:Liberlogos/Canada and Annexation|Canada and Annexation, Prime Minister Mercier Says Many Canadians Want a Change]]'' — The New York Times, 1889
*''[[User:Liberlogos/On Language|The Problem of Language]]'' — Pierre Bourgault, 1966 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW5bN8Da5s4&eurl=http://www.facebook.com/posted.php?id=6250348383]

Brief submitted to the Committee on Institutions, responsible for conducting a broad consultation on Bill 99

2008-05-29T16:56:39Z

Liberlogos: /* See also */

{{title|Brief submitted to the Committee on Institutions, responsible for conducting a broad consultation on Bill 99|[[Jacques Parizeau]]|2001}}

[[Image:Parizeau.jpg|thumb|Jacques Parizeau, economist, Premier of Quebec from Sept. 1994 to Jan. 1996.]]''Brief submitted by'' 
''Jacques Parizeau to the Committee on Institutions,'' 
''responsible for conducting a broad consultation on'' 
''Bill 99, the Act respecting the exercise of the'' 
''fundamental rights and prerogatives of the'' 
''Québec people and the Québec State''

''February 9, 2000''

Bill 99 is a defensive document that comes in the wake of the tabling by the federal government in the [[Wikipedia:Canadian House of Commons|House of Commons]] of [[Wikipedia:Clarity Act|Bill C-20]], which is also a defensive document elaborated in the wake of the narrow [[Wikipedia:Quebec referendum, 1995|federalist victory in 1995]]. Given that Bill 99 is a response to Bill C-20, one could start by criticizing the federal draft legislation to explain the provisions in the Québec draft legislation. This is what many analysts have done, while surmising that the Québec initiative is somewhat automatic, inevitable and, in a word, banal.

However, Bill 99 warrants better treatment than that. To my knowledge, this is the first time that a legal document has codified the rights and prerogatives of the Québec State. Until recently, such rights and prerogatives were invariably defined within the framework of the ''[[Wikipedia:Constitution Act, 1867|British North America Act]]'' and reflected the division of fields of jurisdiction between the federal government and the provinces.

I believe that this is the first time that a legislative text seeks to define not the jurisdiction of the provinces but Québec’s jurisdiction and not Québec’s jurisdiction in relation to that of Canada, but Québec’s own jurisdiction.

Some of the rights expressed have an absolute meaning. Section 2 of the Act states that "[t]he Québec people alone has the right to decide the political regime and legal status of Québec." Other sections are affirmative in nature although limited by the existing political system. Section 7 states that "[t]he Québec State is free to adhere to any treaty, convention or international agreement in matters under its constitutional jurisdiction."

Of course, it might be said that Bill 99 offers nothing new. This is not true. While the ideas or principles it contains have often been expressed in the past by Québec’s political leaders and have occasionally been expressed in resolutions adopted by the [[Wikipedia:National Assembly of Quebec|National Assembly]], this is the first time that the legitimacy of the Québec State and its powers have been clearly spelled out in a legislative text. From this standpoint, Bill 99 has the scope for Québec of a constitutional text.

Let us return briefly to section 2 mentioned earlier, which states that "[t]he Québec people alone has the right to decide [...]."

The [[Wikipedia:Constitution Act, 1982|1982 Canadian Constitution]] does not recognize the existence of the Québec people. In its [[Wikipedia:Reference re Secession of Quebec|1998 reference]], the [[Wikipedia:Supreme Court of Canada|Supreme Court]] refuses to give an opinion on the existence of the Québec people. Bill 99 confirms its existence.

Bill C-20, following in the wake of the Supreme Court reference, seeks to establish guidelines and conditions pertaining to the question posed in a future referendum on sovereignty. Canada’s willingness to negotiate with a Québec seeking to leave Canada would depend on the House of Commons’ highly arbitrary assessment -- I will return to this matter later -- of the clarity of the referendum question and the value of the outcome. Bill 99 confirms principles. It does not dwell on procedural issues, except perhaps when it comes to establishing what constitutes a majority (50 percent plus one vote), although this is the most general rule of democracy and the application of any other rule would mean giving a minority vote more weight than a majority vote. This is indeed a question of principle.

All of the principles in Bill 99 are important. Acceptance of them gives rise to a certain vision of Québec, its institutions and the responsibilities that such institutions assume with respect to the Québec people. I understand that Bill 99 poses a dilemma for anyone who feels he is Canadian and also wishes to be a Quebecer. To accept the principles of Bill 99 and seek through the procedures in Bill C-20 to block their application is not very satisfactory, either intellectually or emotionally. Broadly speaking, Bill 99 defines an identity. Bill C-20 seeks to limit the possible applications of such an identity or to make them ineffective.

Québec’s accession to full [[Wikipedia:sovereignty|sovereignty]] is fraught with complicated manoeuvres, so complicated that the public ultimately gets confused and loses interest. It is to clarify matters that the legal expression of simple principles is so important and enlightening, if we take the trouble to examine the question.

This of course, will inevitably draw us into the constitutional debate.

The 1867 Constitution makes no mention of the right of [[Wikipedia:secession|secession]] of a province. Québec, as it then was, entered Confederation as a result of a vote by its elected representatives, some of whom insistently demanded a referendum, which was rejected in the name of the supremacy of Parliament in the British political system. One could well imagine Québec leaving Canada the same way it joined it, as a result of a vote by its elected representatives, following an election campaign centred on this objective, as recently happened in [[Wikipedia:Slovakia|Slovakia]].

However, such was not the case. The principle has been established in Québec that this decision would be made by referendum. The Canadian Constitution does not impose the referendum to achieve sovereignty. The referendum is an invention of the [[Wikipedia:Parti Québécois|Parti Québécois]], because this method of proceeding seemed more democratic and demanding than a vote by Quebecers’ elected representatives.

The 1982 Constitution makes no mention of the right of secession either. This is striking. After all, a [[Wikipedia:Quebec referendum, 1980|referendum was held in 1980]]. The sovereignists were undoubtedly defeated. One did not need to be a genius to conclude that with a 40% yes vote a new attempt at achieving sovereignty would arise sooner or later. However, the 1982 Constitution does not prohibit secession. It could have been authorized in principle, but accompanied by guidelines, e.g. the obligation to hold a referendum, guarantees in respect of minorities, and so on. There is none of that, indeed, nothing at all.

While the 1980 referendum focused on a mandate to negotiate sovereignty, the 1995 referendum centred on the attainment of sovereignty. A proposal for partnership was made to Canada and negotiations in this regard would have lasted not more than one year. In the event that the negotiations failed, the National Assembly would have decreed sovereignty.

The federalist victory in 1995 was so narrow that [[Wikipedia:Ottawa|Ottawa]] decided to intervene directly in the referendum process, although not before it had consulted the Supreme Court. The greatest fear was of a [[Wikipedia:unilateral declaration of independence|unilateral declaration of sovereignty]], which arose explicitly in 1995, although the terms of such a declaration were not put in motion. How can such a declaration be prevented in the future?

It is in Québec’s interest to convince Canadians that if the negotiations fail, the National Assembly will decree sovereignty. This is the best way to see the negotiations through and obtain a sound agreement with the rest of Canada.

It is in Canada’s interest to prohibit any possibility of a unilateral declaration of sovereignty in order to impose its conditions on the negotiations or ensure their failure.

The federal government asked the Supreme Court to decide the matter. Its first decision does not bode well for those who sought its opinion. What, in fact, is a unilateral declaration of independence? Here is what paragraph 86 of the reference has to say: "Rather, what is claimed by a right to secede ‘unilaterally’ is the right to effectuate secession without prior negotiations with the other provinces and the federal government."

For the past 30 years in Québec, no one has ever proposed "[effectuating] secession without prior negotiations." No one has ever made such a proposal, at least, not an elected official.

From that point, the conditions governing the referendum (a clear question, a clear outcome), negotiations (in good faith, legal framework for amending the Constitution) and more practical considerations (the debt, assets, and so on) are nothing more than procedural issues that would prevail in a constitutional State.

Ultimately, however, the question inevitably arises of what would happen if the negotiations failed. The Supreme Court does not reply. It cannot reply. It is worth quoting paragraph 155 of the reference:

<blockquote>Although there is no right, under the Constitution or at [[Wikipedia:International law|international law]], to unilateral secession, that is secession without negotiation on the basis just discussed, this does not rule out the possibility of an unconstitutional declaration of secession leading to a ''de facto'' secession. The ultimate success of such a secession would be dependent on recognition by the international community, which is likely to consider the legality and legitimacy of secession having regard to, amongst other facts, the conduct of Quebec and Canada, in determining whether to grant or withhold recognition.</blockquote>

I could not put it better myself.

Let us summarize. Bill 99 unequivocally establishes the right of the Québec people, as expressed by its National Assembly, to freely define its future. Bill C-20 allows the House of Commons to determine whether the question is clear should a referendum question be put to Quebecers. This question may not be a mandate to negotiate, as was the case in 1980. It may not refer to a proposal for partnership, as was the case in 1995. With the past thus erased, the House of Commons will rely on various criteria and opinions to ascertain the question’s clarity and, ultimately, on any other opinion that it deems relevant. This includes, one imagines, the sacred nature of Canadian unity. The same is true of the outcome of the vote. Ottawa will rely on various criteria, including any other factors and circumstances it deems relevant. The arbitrariness is striking. What penalty will apply if the federal government is dissatisfied? It will refuse to negotiate.

If we have properly understood the Supreme Court reference, such a refusal would actually bolster Québec’s moral position. However, beyond [[Wikipedia:legalism|legalism]] lies the reality of the situation. Were Québec determined to leave Canada and were it prepared to negotiate, would Ottawa refuse to negotiate? Even the apportionment of the debt? Even freedom of movement between [[Wikipedia:Ontario|Ontario]] and the [[Wikipedia:Maritimes|Maritimes]]? Even the transferability of pensions?

This is obviously not credible. In real life, following a referendum won by the sovereignists, in law, as expressed in Bill C-20, the ill humour of the rest of Canada would come to the fore and the financial interests of all and sundry would prevail. In the meantime, the amount that Québec should normally pay Canada following secession, i.e. its share of federal debt service, would simply be deferred.

Once again, is apparent the drawback of seeking in advance rules of law applicable to what is an unknown situation. The Canadian Constitution makes no mention of secession. Some people are attempting to make it say what it does not say, to make it positively loquacious in this regard. Québec is much wiser than Canada in focusing on principles and avoiding prejudging procedures.

While the Canadian Constitution makes no mention of the secession of a province, it is anything but silent about provincial borders. Since the [[1878 and successive amendments]], one principle remains, which can be simply stated thus: any change in a province’s borders must be approved by the province’s legislature.

This means that as long as Québec is a province, its borders may not be altered and that, after independence, any attempt in this respect would be deemed an act of aggression from the standpoint of international law.

[[Wikipedia:Pierre Elliott Trudeau|Pierre Elliott Trudeau]]’s remark that if Canada can be broken up, Québec can also be broken up unquestionably reflects a political wish, but it is contradicted by provisions in the Canadian Constitution, including the 1982 version, of which Mr. Trudeau is the author.

To clarify the matter, the [[parliamentary committee on Québec’s accession to sovereignty]] established by Bill 150 in the wake of the [[Wikipedia:Bélanger-Campeau Commission|Bélanger-Campeau Commission]] asked a group of five internationally renowned jurists, one of whom was then chairman of the [[Wikipedia:International Law Commission|UN International Law Commission]], to give a legal opinion on the borders of a sovereign Québec. Here is an excerpt from their opinion:

<blockquote>Québec may not be compelled to relinquish against its will any portion whatsoever of its existing territory. Prior to independence, such an arbitrary amputation is excluded by the Canadian Constitution. After accession to sovereignty, it would be excluded by the basic demands of the stability of international borders that reflects the principle of respect for the territorial integrity of States. Between these two situations, there is no solution for continuity, no cracks in law, no point at which a territorial change could, lawfully, be imposed on Québec without its consent. [OUR TRANSLATION] </blockquote>

The Supreme Court is clearly embarrassed by the question of borders. Various groups in the [[Wikipedia:West Island|West Island]] in [[Wikipedia:Montreal|Montréal]] are noisily demonstrating in favour of the [[Wikipedia:Partition (politics)|partition]] of Québec’s territory. [[Wikipedia:Aboriginal peoples in Quebec|Native people]] exhibit on television an independent Québec with two-thirds of its land area amputated.

In fact, the Supreme Court only broaches the question of borders in two sections, one as bombastic as the other. In section 96, it states that " [...] Arguments were raised before us regarding boundary issues. [...] Nobody seriously suggests that our national existence, seamless in so many aspects, could be effortlessly separated along what are now the provincial boundaries of Quebec. [...]" Section 139 states that: "We would not wish to leave this aspect of our answer to Question 2 without acknowledging the importance of the submissions made to us respecting the rights and concerns of aboriginal peoples in the event of a unilateral secession, as well as the appropriate means of defining the boundaries of a seceding Quebec with particular regard to the northern lands occupied largely by aboriginal peoples. [...]."

The awkwardness is obvious. The reference is replaced by a concern that is undoubtedly honourable but hardly legal in nature.

The allusion to the Native peoples in the northern regions is also clumsily broached. Under the [[Wikipedia:James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement|James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement]], as reflected in a federal and a Québec statute, section 2.1 makes it clear that:

<blockquote>[i]n consideration of the rights and benefits herein set forth in favour of the James Bay [[Wikipedia:Crees|Crees]] and the [[Wikipedia:Inuit|Inuit]] of Québec, the James Bay Crees and the Inuit of Québec hereby cede, release, surrender and convey all their Native claims, rights, titles and interests, whatever they may be, in and to land in the Territory and in Québec, and Québec and Canada accept such surrender.</blockquote>

In fact, there is a misunderstanding. It is not the titles of the Indians or the Inuit in the North that create the problem but the aboriginal nations of the Saint Lawrence Valley, such as the [[Wikipedia:Mohawk nation|Mohawks]], who have never abandoned their land claims. However, that is another story.

Bill C-20 reflects the Supreme Court’s embarrassment. The only mention of borders appears in section 3(2), which states that:

<blockquote>No Minister of the Crown shall propose a constitutional amendment to effect the secession of a province from Canada unless the Government of Canada has addressed, in its negotiations, the terms of secession that are relevant in the circumstances, including the division of assets and liabilities, any changes to the borders of the province, the rights, interests and territorial claims of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, and the protection of minority rights.</blockquote>

These are all matters that the federal government says it will refuse to negotiate if it does not like the question.

On the issue of borders, section 8 of Bill 99 simply states that:

<blockquote>The territory of Québec and its boundaries cannot be altered except with the consent of the National Assembly and the Government.</blockquote>

The Government must ensure that the territorial integrity of Québec is maintained and respected.

Since Bill C-20 is intended to disrupt or even prevent a sovereignty referendum from succeeding, it was essential to discuss Bill 99 in a resolutely sovereignist perspective and rely on notions and documents that are part of the sovereignist question. However, since Bill 99 asserts principles and since these principles have, for a long time, been part of the common heritage of Québec political parties, they should normally receive the support of Quebecers and their representatives.

As noted earlier, the first of these principles is the existence of the Québec people: that minorities are numerous in Québec in no way alters the principle. After all, the presence in France of several million [[Wikipedia:Muslim|Muslims]] in no way alters the existence of the French people, of which Muslims are a part. It is not the homogeneity of its origins that characterizes a people, which is a community based on language, culture, certain values and a feeling of belonging. A people is not created in one day and the process of integration will always be easier among young people than older people. Certain gestures have historic importance as regards the creation of a people. This is true of Mr. [[Wikipedia:Robert Bourassa|Bourassa]]’s decision to have French declared the official language of Québec. [[Wikipedia:Charter of the French Language|Bill 101]] was the next step.

Some people are still attached to the notion of the French-Canadian people, which has been largely misused. It is important to specify that in the seven provinces other than Québec, [[Wikipedia:Ontario|Ontario]] and [[Wikipedia:New Brunswick|New Brunswick]], out of 12 million inhabitants not more than 80,000 still speak French in the home. Nearly half of Ontarians whose mother tongue is French no longer speak the language. Only 250,000 [[Wikipedia:Acadian|Acadians]] are hanging on and they regard themselves as a people, but certainly not as Quebecers.

The Native peoples are a separate case. They are divided into eleven "distinct nations" recognized as such by the National Assembly and their rights are receiving increasingly broad legal protection.

The second principle is that the Québec people may democratically determine its future through its institutions. The federal government is seeking through a form of trusteeship to oversee the functioning of Québec institutions, especially the National Assembly. It is not unthinkable that a broad consensus will arise among Quebecers to assert the freedom of their own political institutions and thus their own freedom.

The integrity of Québec’s territory is not a partisan theme. Successive Québec governments have not wavered on this question.

To conclude, while Bill 99 has been elaborated in response to the threats posed by Bill C-20, it is much broader in scope and it signifies much more than a simple incidental gesture. It is part of a long list of political and legal gestures, which, over the years, have conferred on the Québec National Assembly the authority and independence that it now possesses.

== See also==

* [[Presidents of the Parti québécois]]

[[Category:Briefs]]
[[Category:Jacques Parizeau]]

On free trade, the rights of multinationals and the dilemma of the State

2008-05-29T16:56:09Z

Liberlogos: /* See also */

{{title|On free trade, the rights of multinationals and the dilemma of the State|[[Jacques Parizeau]]|May 5, 2001 Translated by [[User:Mathieugp|Mathieu Gauthier-Pilote]] from: ''[http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/1920/jp7.html Le libre-échange, les droits des multinationales et le dilemme de l'État]''}}

On free trade, the rights of multinationals and the dilemma of the State: "The FTAA is a stronger MAI, and Canada is letting it happen."

[[Image:Parizeau.jpg|thumb|Jacques Parizeau, economist, Premier of Quebec from Sept. 1994 to Jan. 1996.]]
"By trying to win it all, large private companies are making class struggles reappear."

It is regrettable that the [[Wikipedia:Second Peoples' Summit of the Americas|Peoples' Summit of the Americas]] ended in a kind of general rejection of [[Wikipedia:free trade|free trade]]. Several of the participants had shown perspicacity in their study of the multiple facets of the [[Wikipedia:Free Trade Area of the Americas|Free Trade Area of the Americas]]. But, finally, all distinctions and nuances grew blurred to the profit of a dogmatic judgement. You do not condemn tides. You build dams, piers, in a word, you protect yourself. You cannot excommunicate the sea.

International free trade expends in the world as intranational free trade was established inside each country, a long time ago.

==The role of the GATT==

The movement begins in 1947, with the creation of the [[Wikipedia:GATT|GATT]]. The [[Wikipedia:Great Depression|depression of the Thirties]] and the [[Wikipedia:World War II|Second World War]] left us with very high barriers to trade; commercial reprisals had ?ransacked? commercial movements. The objective of the GATT is simple: to gradually lower [[Wikipedia:Tariff|tariff]]s and to gradually remove [[Wikipedia:Import quota|quota]]s on imports. The privileged instrument to reach these ends is also simple: the reduction to trade barriers given by a member State to another member State is automatically granted to all the other members. This is the clause of the [[Wikipedia:Most favoured nation|most favoured nation]]. As nobody will authorize a reduction on a product without obtaining, on the other hand, a reduction on another product, the negotiations of the GATT become a kind of immense fair where its members exchange reductions which are automatically extended to all.

The instrument is powerful. At the beginning, there were only two dozen members. They are 140 today. Everyone wants to be part of it. Even, and especially, China.

The barriers are gradually reduced. The GATT obviously lives very well with the fact that some of its members are in a rush to organize free trade areas or customs unions.

And thus appeared the [[Wikipedia:European Community|European Common Market]], the [[Wikipedia:European Free Trade Area|European Free Trade Area]], The [[Wikipedia:Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement|Canado-American Agreement on Free Trade]], the [[Wikipedia:NAFTA|NAFTA]], the [[Wikipedia:Mercosur|Mercosur]], the FTAA (at least, the project...). These are the most known ones, but there are others.

The negotiations became more sophisticated than the former bilateral exchanges. And the fields of application more numerous. Whereas the first negotiations normally had to do with products, we started to liberalize services (financial, transportation, data processing, commercial, etc). But one does not provide a service of insurance, financing, or consultation as one moves an oil barrel. One usually needs a local establishment. The company which sought to establish itself in a foreign country wanted to be treated like a local company. The clause of national treatment appeared.

==The objective of multinationals==

Why limit the application of this clause to services? It would have to apply, some said, to all foreign investments. Why would a country agree to let in the franchise of a foreign steel company and not agree to offer national treatment to the company that wanted to build a steel factory?

If a conflict appears between a foreign investor and a government, how will it be regulated? For a long time, commercial conflicts were recognized only between governments, and an arbitration was established to decide the type of reprisals to which a country could resort with regards to the delinquents.

How to regulate a conflict between a company and a government today? The conflicts are all the more likely to arise as the objectives of the private sector are increasingly demanding. In 1995, the [[president]] of the Dutch-Swedish company [[Wikipedia:ABB Group|ABB]] (which is strongly established in Québec by the way) summarized the objective of multinationals and transnationals in a concise way:

"I would define [[Wikipedia:globalization|globalization]] as the freedom for my group to invest where it wants, when it wants, to produce what it wants, to get supply from or sell where it wants while having to support the least amount of constraints as possible with regards to labour laws and social conventions."

The [[Wikipedia:International Chamber of Commerce|International Chamber of Commerce]] embraces this vision with enthusiasm and the pressures became increasingly strong so that, in the conflicts that such a vision would not fail to cause, a company could sue a government in front of an international court and obtain financial compensations from them for the profits lost because of the policies pursued by this government. Vast program!

==The Canado-American Treaty==

At the end of the Eighties, the [[Wikipedia:United States Congress|American Congress]] becomes very [[Wikipedia:protectionism|protectionist]]. The bills to limit the importation of such and such product multiplied. The list ended up reaching more than 200 proposals. As the principal supplier of the United States, Canada was directly aimed. That only a few of these projects be adopted and Canada would be exposed to a serious [[Wikipedia:recession|recession]]. The [[Wikipedia:White House|White House]], conscious of the danger, wins the Congress by proposing a free trade area to Canada. Mr. [[Wikipedia:Mulroney|Mulroney]] accepts. [[Wikipedia:Ontario|Ontario]], which greatly benefited from the installation of American branches, sheltered by the Canadian tariff, is against. In Québec, the Prime Minister [[Robert Bourassa]] would be rather for but hesitates. The official opposition, the [[Wikipedia:Parti Québécois|Parti Québécois]], would be rather against but hesitates. An agreement between the two political parties made it so that the non-partisan support of Québec to Mr. Mulroney gave him the political force to conclude. Under the influence of the [[Ontario labour unions]], the [[labour unions of Québec]] were against, but the most important labour union in the private sector, the Metal-workers, will refuse, in the name of the interest of its members, to align itself on Ontario's fears. The game was won.

And yet, the interest of Québec was clear. What creates jobs here, are less the branches of American companies than indigenous small to medium businesses. For them, the lifting of the American tariffs was a gift from heaven. Their exports to the South were going to explode. Never again could English Canada blackmail the [[sovereignist]]s as it had done since so many years: if you leave, we will no longer buy your products. Canada ceased to be the largest market for Québec; it was now the United States. To remove a sovereign Québec from the recently created free trade area? Difficult, very difficult, since, after the extension to Mexico, the United States were aiming for the FTAA.

A great number of general exemptions were included in the treaty, for what pertains to trade as well as investments: products and cultural industries, transport services, telecommunication services, maritime services, financial products (except insurance) and stock markets.

All things considered, the Canado-American Free Trade Agreement ensured an important liberalization of exchanges but did not throw the baby out with the water of the bath. Governments kept the possibility of exerting a structuring action and culture was clearly recognized as a general exception.

==NAFTA==

The slip began with NAFTA. The Canado-American Agreement had come into effect in 1989. For NAFTA, it was 1994. American investors are wary of the behaviour of Latin American governments. They want rock-solid protections. [[Wikipedia:Neoliberalism|Neoliberalism]] is raging. The governments of the [[Wikipedia:Soviet Union|Soviet]] kind are gone. The great search for foreign investment is everywhere. Governments will yield. Investors will have their obligatory international arbitration for governments.

It is not obvious if the Canadian government saw the extent of what it signed. It is true that the Mexican government caused a lot of mistrust. And the arbitration clause seemed so logical in order to encourage foreign investment in Latin America. When the American company [[Wikipedia:Ethyl Corporation|Ethyl]] sued Canada on the basis of the NAFTA provisions, the alarm clock was brutal.

For the remainder, however, and particularly for the general exceptions, the clauses of the Canado-American agreement, as a whole, were maintained. The cultural exemption remained, but as a clause of the American agreement rather than as a clause of NAFTA. It is not indifferent to what followed.

==The MAI==

What followed was, for our matter, a kind of detour outside of the Americas. It is the draft treaty of the MAI ([[Wikipedia:Multilateral Agreement on Investment|Multilateral Agreement on Investment]]). It is an initiative of the [[OECD]], which gathers, as we know, only modern industrialized countries, of which Canada and the United States.

The members of the OECD will name negotiators who, without the Parliaments being really informed, will work out a charter of investments which came close to what the president of ABB desired.

The examples are too numerous to all be quoted here, but here are some:

* A government will have to respect a long list of prohibitions of performance conditions or results. The list of NAFTA lengthens. It will even be prohibited to force a foreign investor to recruit a given share of its labour locally.
* We express the wish that foreign companies do not require a foreign State to lower its environmental standards before investing but we force the governments to pay a compensation to companies for losses of profit which would arise from a rise of the environmental standards.
* The cultural exception disappears. Any country that wants to register specific exceptions does it in an appendix, and they are negotiable.
* All these provisions are prone to compulsory arbitration by companies.

The text of the draft agreement is made public on Internet by an American association of consumers. Protests take place a little everywhere (of which that of the [[SalAMI]] in Montréal). In all parts of society, we begin to realize that governments are about to give up some their essential responsibilities. Free trade overflows on a resignation of the State.

The last negotiations of the MAI are to begin in Paris, on October 20, 1998. October 13, [[Wikipedia:Lionel Jospin|Lionel Jospin]] (PM of France) declares that if it is normal for a country to transfer some elements of its sovereignty to an international organization, it should not transfer some elements of its sovereignty to private interests. And he asks the French delegation to withdraw from the negotiations. That was enough for the the project to collapses.

Québec escaped it by luck. The federal government informed us very badly on what was happening. It gave up the general cultural exception without stating it. And if the project had passed, a good chunk of what we call the Quebec Model of Development would have become illegal. Since this episode, Québec requires to be present at international negotiations crucial for its future.

Another attempt will come with the [[Wikipedia:WTO Ministerial Conference of 1999|meeting of WTO in Seattle]] but demonstrators will prevent the meeting from taking place.

==The FTAA==

The next occasion was the meeting on the FTAA in Quebec. In this case still, a leak on the Internet revealed the content of the chapter of the FTAA which deals with foreign investment. The responsibility, this time, is that of the [http://www.iatp.org/ Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy].

Reading this text, we soon realize that it is a new attempt at writing, for the three Americas, a great charter of the rights of multinationals. It is a stronger MAI, if that is possible. The rights of the governments are even more reduced, more diluted than they already were in the MAI.

The negotiation was secret. The Group of negotiations on investment sat on five occasions during the year 2000. It submitted a report to the ministers responsible for trade after their meeting of November 27 to 29. It is the text of their report that we have. It was discussed again during the [[Committee of trade negotiations]] held in [[Wikipedia:Lima|Lima]], Peru, in January 2001. We do not know what occurred there. All that we know, it is that the Quebec Summit, which was supposed to deal with the free trade agreement, dealt with democracy instead; it is interesting, but it is not what the initial objective of the conference was supposed to be.

The majority of governments on our continent seek to get as much investment as possible. They look at what Mexico obtain with NAFTA and they drool. [[Wikipedia:Brazil|Brazil]], whose population is close to 180 million inhabitants, whose industrial development makes it the leader of Latin America and created the Mercosur, is nevertheless hesitant even though its economy develops quickly. [[Wikipedia:Argentina|Argentina]], which is going through a serious economic crisis, is ready to accept anything.

Mr. [[Wikipedia:Pettigrew|Pettigrew]], Canadian [[Minister of International Trade]], promised that the FTAA agreement did not contain the most controversial clauses of the NAFTA agreement and that, in particular, that of the obligated arbitration imposed to private corporations. He is not denying that the object of the leak in the media is authentic. He only tries to indicate that this document was a draft and that Canada has not yet taken its decision on the matter. After the five meetings of the Group of negotiations on investment in 2000? Not even after the meeting of Lima? You have to take people for imbeciles to declare something like that. In fact, as with the case of the MAI, Canada was impressed by the importance of the issue and decided to let it pass. "Laisser faire, laisser passer." Not only do we give no opposition to the sea, we are not even trying of building dams.

And the Government of Québec can't do anything to proclaim the presence of Québec, its existence, and the nature of its interests. It is doing that quite well.

Thank God for the existence of the so-called "[[civil society]]". That is the conjugation of various labour unions, students, political activists in need of a cause, the ''Monde diplomatique'' and a few old-style liberals (in the original sense of the word) such as myself, who wish to establish something resembling an acceptable balance, to assert that there is a life beyond multinational corporations and their interests and that the State must not abdicate its responsibilities.

==Conclusions==

I conclude with some observations on the debates concerning the Québec Summit.

* Had it not been for the finale declaration of the Peoples Summit of the Americas, we should salute one more time the revealing role of those who call themselves, pompously, civil society. Some claimed their method of action was undemocratic. It certainly is not less democratic than that of the [[Wikipedia:Americas Business Forum|Americas Business Forum]], which was granted an official consultative status by the head of states and governments; neither less democratic than the admission of business people to the negotiation tables. We have no access to the meetings rooms nor to the reports, the only place left is the street.

* Québec is in a delicate situation and a potentially dangerous one. Kept aside from the negotiations, it is not truly aware of what is going on. To erect a public sign in front of the meeting place to signal who we are has something pathetic to it. It probably had to be done, no doubt, but we can't escape the thought that short of [[52 000 votes]], Québec would have participated to the meetings along with other countries much smaller than itself.

Some are saying that since a sovereign Québec would only be a fraction of today's Canada, it would have little influence on the direction of these meetings. It is not so. It would be a progress. And by the way, the little importance of the small countries in international negotiations does not correspond to reality.

* We can be in favour of free trade and at the same time refuse the course that neoliberalism is trying to impose.

* We can recognize the merits of a free market economy without wanting to impose the domination of great multinational corporations whose interests often coincide with the common interest but not always and not necessarily.

* By trying to win it all, great multinationals are in the process of making a class war reappear. By trying to win it all, great multinationals are in the process of making class struggles reappear. One now sees fear, suspicion and confrontation spreading. The governments have their share of responsibility in that they are letting accredit the impression that between the political and businesses, there is more than collaboration, there is collusion.

Jacques Parizeau

== See also ==
* [[Presidents of the Parti québécois]]

[[Category:Jacques Parizeau]]